Analysis Of The Influence Of Noise On Employee Workload With Ergonomic Approach At Pt. Ciomas Adisatwa Unit Maros

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INTRODUCTION
PT Ciomas Adisatwa Unit Maros is a company engaged in broiler commercial farms and chicken slaughterhouses, the company is a subsidiary of PT Japfa Comfeed. The company has been operating since 1996. This company has a variety of products, that are then marketed abroad and domestically. The total production capacity of the PT Ciomas Adisatwa Maros Unit is 12,000 chickens. Along with the increasing demand for chicken meat, PT Ciomas Adisatwa increased its production capacity which resulted in production machinery operating longer resulting in noise.
In industrialized countries, one of the main occupational health problems is noise. According to WHO (2004), it is estimated that almost 14% of the total workforce of industrialized countries is exposed to noise exceeding 90 dB in their workplace. It is estimated that more than 20 million people in America are exposed to the noise of 85 dB or more. In addition, in Quebec-Canada, it is found that 55% of industrial areas have noise levels above 85 dB and in Indonesia, it is estimated that the result of noise exposure can cause fatigue of 27.43%, hearing loss of 17.14%, and balance disturbance of 27.17% the total number of disturbances reaches 72.28% [1]. Noise that exceeds the threshold value can cause hearing loss and the risk of damage to the ear either temporarily or permanently after exposure for a long time without the use of adequate protective equipment. This potential risk has encouraged governments in various countries to make regulations that limit the sound exposure of industrial workers (EPA, 1974). [2] According to the Canadian Centre of Occupational Health and Safety (2018), the impact of noise can be in the form of auditorial effects (auditory effect) this impact affects hearing loss, such as loss of hearing loss, the second non-editorial effects (non-editorial effect) this effect is psychological, such as hearing loss of communication methods, confusion, stress, and lack of sensitivity to workplace safety issues. [3] Work that generates high-intensity noise is generally found in textile factories, factory generators used as power plants, steel plate cutting work, lathe work, grinding, sanding metal materials, rice milling, and so on.
Noise occurs in the production room of PT Ciomas Adisatwa Maros Unit, especially in the production room of the boiling tub. The noise that occurs is caused by the vibration of the poultry scalder machine that operates for 8 hours/day causing a loud sound that exceeds the threshold value that has been set by the Ministry of Manpower which is 85 dB. and causes noise that can cause danger to employees or workers who are in the production area during work. Noise with high intensity that occurs continuously has a bad impact on workers. [4] The work environment is suitable for the continuity of employee work and improves employee performance. Research states that the work environment variable has a very significant influence on employee performance. [5] A comfortable, conducive, and supportive work environment is considered to be able to create a feeling of comfort and security in employees so that employees can have high productivity and work enthusiasm. [6] The conditions around a good work environment can support the implementation of work in fostering enthusiasm at work which can improve employee performance. [7] A workload is many activities that must be completed by an organizational unit or position holder within a certain period. [8] The workload is a concept that arises due to the limited capacity to process information. When facing a task, individuals are expected to complete the task at a certain level. If the limitations of the individual hinder/obstruct the achievement of work results at the expected level, there is a gap between the expected level of ability and the level of capacity possessed [9] Specifically, the workload can be divided into two, namely physical and mental workload. Physical load tends to lead to the burden received by an employee in a job related to his physiological conditions, such as noise, vibration, and hygiene. If such working conditions are bad enough, there will be work stress with physical symptoms, such as high blood pressure, diarrhea, obstipation, etc. Excessive job description due to a limited number of employees is an indication of excessive physical workload. While the perception of work incompatibility and stressful work environment is an indication of excessive mental workload. [10] One way to solve the noise problem is to improve the work environment with an ergonomic approach. This approach is used to observe the work environment and evaluate the effect of noise levels and workloads that have occurred in the production area of PT Ciomas Adisatwa Maros Unit.

RESEARCH METHODS
The method of collecting data in this study was carried out through observation interviews and obtained from books lecture texts, journals, articles, documents, the internet, and other reference sources which were also taken from examples of previous research. This research was conducted with an ergonomic approach. Where the stages of this research are: (1) data collection; (2) calculation of the noise level; (3) create a contour map; (4) calculation of the average pulse rate; (5) conducting an influence test; (6) evaluate the noise level and workload. The sample collection technique used is a saturated sample [11] So that the number of samples is 15 employees of pt. ciomas adisatwa maros unit. Through the data obtained, the average noise level is calculated and a contour map is made using surfer software. Then calculate the CVL (cardiovascular load) of workers and conduct an influence test. Finally, evaluate the noise level and workload.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
From the data obtained in the measurement of the average noise level taken once every 1 hour for 8 working hours in the evils and production areas, the average noise level results are as follows. The results of the CVL calculation are then compared with the classification determined as follows: X ≤ 30% (No fatigue) 30 < X ≤ 60% (Improvement required) 60 < X ≤ 80% (Work in a short time) 80 < X ≤ 100% (Immediate action required) X > 100% (No activity allowed) Furthermore, the test of the effect of noise level on workload can be seen that there is a positive correlation of 0.74 between noise level and workload. This means that the greater the noise level, the greater the workload. If the error rate is set at 5 &, 95% confidence level and N = 80, then the price of r table = 0.22. It turns out that the calculated r price is greater than the r table price, so Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. So, there is a positive and significant influence between noise level and workload of 0.74. For the significance of the correlation coefficient with an error rate of 5%, and with dk 79, then obtained t table = 1.99085. It turns out that the calculated t price is greater than the t table price, so Ho is rejected. This means that there is a positive and significant influence between noise level and workload.

CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that the noise in the evils and production work areas has an average noise level of 86.17 dB and 86.05 dB exceeding the noise exposure limit of 85 dB in 8 working hours. The average CVL value of workers in the evis area needs improvement while in the production area, there is no fatigue. the results of the calculation and influence test found that the noise level in the factory area of PT Ciomas Adisatwa Maros Unit has a positive correlation of 0.74 between the noise level and workload. which is very strong with the physical workload felt by workers in the factory area of PT Ciomas Adisatwa Maros Unit.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
thank you to the editors who have reviewed this journal. thank you also to the supervisors who have helped to complete the journal.